New England Coalition

        VT       .      NH       .       ME       .       MA       .       RI       .       CT        .         NY      -

                                                                                            on Nuclear Pollution

POST OFFICE BOX 545,  BRATTLEBORO, VERMONT o5302

                                                                                                          

AN ANNOTATED GUIDE:

U.S. NRC ATOMIC SAFETY & LICENSING BOARD

HEARING at NEWFANE, VERMONT JULY 21 -25

 

AT ISSUE – Has Entergy demonstrated that it will adequately manage aging of Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station over the proposed 20 years of license extension?  In particular has Entergy demonstrated that it will be able to predict and prevent,

·         structural failure of the reactor steam dryer?

·         metal fatigue induced failure of reactor components?

·         steam and water piping failure caused by flow-accelerated corrosion ?

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Staff has already issued its decision to grant a license renewal (subject to Commission endorsement).

Accordingly, the issue to be decided by this tribunal is, pending resolution of the three issues bulleted above, should the Commission endorse, deny, condition, or modify a 20 year renewal of Entergy Nuclear’s Vermont Yankee 40-license, now set to expire at midnight, March 21, 2012?

 

THE HEARING (I)  – This is a Subpart L hearing under Chapter 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations –Part 2. (see, www.nrc.gov – electronic reading room – collections – 10CFR) In a Subpart L hearing, litigants are generally not entitled to cross-examination or discovery, rather a three-judge panel comprised of a legal expert and two technical experts, an Atomic Safety and Licensing Board Panel (ASLBP), conducts examination.

 

In a Subpart L hearing, normal discovery is replaced by “disclosure.”  Rather than the requirement to produce all documents reasonably requested by the other parties, litigants (other than NRC Staff) are obligated to disclose and provide all relevant documents. After the conclusion of the hearing, litigants will be required to file Briefs and Reply Briefs.

 

THE LITIGANTS and INTERESTED PARTIES

 

  • New England Coalition on Nuclear Pollution (NEC), Brattleboro, Vermont –founded 1971. NEC is the sole intervenor in this case. NEC is represented by the law firm of Shems, Dunkiel, Kassel, and Saunders PLLC of Burlington, Vermont. SDKS Attorneys Karen Tyler and Andrew Robvogel will present NEC’s case before the ASLBP.

 

NEC’s expert witnesses are Joram Hopenfeld, PhD Nuclear Engineering; Rudolf Hausler, PhD Chemical Engineering, Ulrich Witte, Nuclear Physicist. 

 

Dr. Hopenfeld has served in the field of nuclear technology and regulation for more than 40 years. He has served with the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission in reactor development and with the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission in nuclear reactor research. He has been awarded numerous patents and authored numerous peer-reviewed technical papers. Dr. Hopenfeld is NEC’s lead witness, testifying on all three contentions.

 

Dr. Rudolph Hausler is an internationally recognized expert in erosion and corrosion phenomena with a distinguished career in industry and consulting spanning more than 40 years. He has authored numerous peer-reviewed scientific and technical papers, holds numerous patents, and has been honored by a number of national and international technical societies.

 

Ulrich Witte has served 27 years in the commercial nuclear industry and has had extended experience as a systems configuration engineer, He has been instrumental in restoring licensing/design basis and regulatory conformance at several problem-ridden (NRC Watch List) nuclear power plants.

 

Shems, Dunkiel, Kassel, and Saunders, as well as Hopenfeld, Hausler, and Witte are donating a substantial portion of their services in the form of greatly reduced fees to NEC.

 

Raymond Shadis, former NEC Staff Advisor, Executive Director of Earth Day Commitment/Friends of the Coast (Maine) has been providing support, coordinating and consulting with NEC, the attorneys, and the experts on factual, regulatory, research, and logistical issues.

 

NEC is a non-profit, largely volunteer organization that depends entirely on donations to fund its advocacy and education efforts toward affordable safe, secure, sustainable energy for everyone.

 

  • State of Vermont (Department of Public Service) is participating as an interested state and adopter  of NEC’s Three Contentions.  The State has gotten the ASLBP’s permission to make a brief opening statement. Interested states are entitled to submit information to the Board and to file amicus (friend of the court) briefs.
  • State of New Hampshire (Attorney General’s Office) is participating as an interested state.
  • State of Massachusetts (Attorney General’s Office) is participating as an interested state.
  • State of New York (Attorney General’s Office) is expected to have an observer present. NY has vigorously challenged license renewal at the Indian Point NPP.

 

  • Entergy Corporation. This 15 billion dollar company purchased Vermont Yankee in 2001 and immediately began to lay the groundwork for extended power uprate and license renewal. Vermont Yankee has been in commercial operation longer than any other plant in New England.  Entergy Nuclear Vermont Yankee is represented by the law firm of Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman. With headquarters in New York, California, and Washington, DC the firm employs 900 lawyers.

 

  • NRC Staff is represented by the NRC’s Office of General Counsel. NRC Staff, the ASLB, the OGC, and the Commission are all part of the agency.  NRC precedent and guidance forbids the ASLB from considering, criticizing, or attempting to direct in any way the Staff’s review of licensing applications. NRC Staff is not required to provide disclosures about its licensing activities until after it has made its decision to support or oppose license renewal in what is termed the Safety Evaluation Report. Recently the NRC’s Office of Inspector General found that many SERs were largely plagiaries with whole sections simply cut from the licensee’s application and pasted into the SER. Further, the OIG found that Staff routinely destroyed its own and licensee’s working papers that had been relied on to come to conclusions in the SER. In repeated instances and overall, intervenors find the NRC Staff and Counsel to be more vigorous, adamant, and occasionally ruthless opponents that the licensees. NRC regulations and precedent forbid the intervenors from taking up the quality of staff review in licensing proceeding.  NRC staff is not prohibited from attacking the assumptions and conclusions of NEC’s witnesses regarding the above bulleted issues; however the ASLB is precluded from considering or criticizing the NRC staff’s assumptions and conclusions in reviewing those issues in reviewing the application and recommending license renewal. In a contested proceeding, NRC Staff (and Counsel) uniformly proclaims neutrality and reserves to itself authority to interpret NRC regulation; but upon issuance of the SER announces that it supports the license; leaving the intervenor(s) with a tag team for opponents.

 

THE PROCEEDING – Upon receipt of a licensee’s application for a license amendment (or renewal), the NRC publishes a single notice in the Federal Record of an opportunity for a hearing. Within 60 days, any would be intervenors (individuals or organizations) must file a “Petition for Leave to Intervene” or Petition for a Hearing” laying out with specificity the litigable, material issues within the (several hundred page) application that it wishes to contest. At this stage, the issues, or “proposed contentions” must be supported by substantial admissible evidence and/or  expert testimony based upon a thorough review of the application AND an “ironclad responsibility” on the part of the intervenor to review (and reference and/or incorporate) all publicly available information. Following submission of contentions an ALSB Panel is appointed. The ASLBP reviews the contentions; holds an initial prehearing, and determines which contentions if any are admissible. Only upon having contentions admitted is a hearing scheduled and any would be intervenor with at least one accepted contention is designated a full party to the proceeding. The current proceeding was triggered in May of 2006, when New England Coalition, the State of Vermont (DPS), and the State of Massachusetts (AG) petitioned for leave to intervene. NEC offered seven contentions – of which four were accepted by the ASLB for litigation. Vermont offered three – of which one was accepted for litigation, and Massachusetts offered one, which was denied.   Vermont and NEC ‘co-adopted’ each other’s contentions.

 

Massachusetts appealed to the Commission and entered a Petition for Rulemaking (a change in NRC Regulation), which was supported by NEC and several other advocacy groups across the nation. At issue is the Massachusetts claim that NRC must consider the effects of a spent nuclear fuel accident or sabotage in its license renewal review.

 

Entergy appealed the ASLBP acceptance of NEC’s contention that Entergy was not adequately accounting for effects of an additional twenty years of heated water discharge to the Connecticut River. The Commission overturned the ASLBP ruling that the ASLBP could not take up NEC’s river contention.

 

Vermont’s sole accepted contention: that Entergy had not accounted for the high heat induced aging effects on concrete support structures surrounding the reactor was resolved to the State’s satisfaction in early 2007.  New England Coalition did not have the resources at that time to exercise its option to adopt and carry the State’s contention forward.

 

In the two years since NEC filed its motion to intervene, Entergy and NRC Staff have filed motions in opposition to acceptance of NEC’s contentions, motions for summary disposition, motions in opposition to amendments of NEC contentions, motions seeking to strike portions of NEC testimony and disqualify NEC witnesses, prefiled testimony and NEC prefiled testimony rebuttal, and more. NEC has responded to its two tag-team opponents in kind. The case file contains hundreds of documents and several thousand pages of pleadings and testimony: all of it leading to the scheduled five days of adjudicatory hearings in Newfane.

 

THE HEARING (II) will be preceded Monday, July 21 with the marking exhibits and other clerical matters; the hearing itself will begin at 1 pm with a discussion of procedural issues and 10-minute opening statements by the litigants. The ASLBP will then proceed with examination of the witnesses taking each contention in turn: metal fatigue, steam dryer, and piping. The remainder of the week, the hearing will commence at 8:30 AM.  The length of the hearing will be determined by the flow of examination – questions and answers. It may end on Thursday, or if it is not completed by Friday, the hearing may be picked up again in September. 

 

Once the hearing is completed, the litigants will file briefs and counter briefs, followed by a decision from the ASLBP. That decision will then be reviewed and confirmed, overturned, modified, or remanded by the Commission.

 

  Members of the public wishing to attend the hearing are advised to arrive early as there will be a security check at the courthouse entrance.

 

THE SIGNIFICANCE    A reporter recently asked NEC just how significant an event the hearing would be in the license renewal process.  The answer: Whatever the outcome, the intervention and the resulting hearing are of greatest significance to the people of the region.  This hearing is the only opportunity available to the public in which the federal government and Entergy are under oath and can be held accountable for what they say. Unlike non-adjudicatory public meetings and informal hearings where NRC solicits public comments, it is the people’s only opportunity to present their concerns and get responses under oath. NRC knows this and so they have constructed a dense maze of onerous narrow gates, blind alleys, and hurdles in policy, regulation and legal precedents to exclude all but a very few very narrowly drawn considerations.

 

For example, NRC reasons that litigants cannot challenge the licensee’s current aging (wear and tear) management program because that is subject to routine NRC oversight and the presumption is the NRC oversight is effective in identifying defects. NRC states this with a straight face in spite of ongoing demonstrated maintenance (and oversight) failures, such as failure to maintain generator electrical conductor joints resulting in a transformer fire, hydrogen burn, and reactor scram, failure to maintain spent fuel location records resulting in loss (mis-location) of spent nuclear fuel segments, failure to maintain and properly test fuel overhead crane resulting in crane brake failure with a full cask of nuclear fuel, failure to maintain cooling towers resulting in two structural failures spaced only 11 months  apart, failure to maintain steam system stop valves- resulting in sticking and reactor scram, failure to maintain emergency notification system broadcast generator, and failure to maintain steam condenser with resulting in unidentified point source of condensate system in-leakage.

 

In spite of all of this, citizen intervenors are barred from arguing that current practice and condition is not adequate to assurance plant safety for additional twenty years.

 

In addition, the Commission prohibits ASLBPs from investigation, criticism, or generally, second-guessing the NRC Staff license renewal review. Intervenors are constrained from arguing about the thoroughness or competence of the NRC Staff’s review and must confine their contentions to representations made (or omitted) in the licensee’s application. Of course, the NRC Staff is free to criticize the assumptions, calculations, conclusions, and general competence of the intervenors.

 

All of this said, the NRC ASLB/Commission process is all that we have left of a full panoply of hearing rights promised to the states and the people when the Federal government took sole authority over nuclear power regulation at the very onset of commercial reactor development some six decades ago. Without vigorous advocacy and exercise of these vestigial rights, such as the advocacy of New England Coalition in this proceeding, it is a certainty that this last bit of power left to the people to in determining what industrial risks they will accept to their lives, their homes and communities, to their environment and to their descendents will pass into complete obscurity.

 

This is not just a fight within the rights of the people; it is also a fight for their rights.

 

 

 

Respectfully submitted,

 

 

Raymond Shadis

Consultant to New England Coalition on Nuclear Pollution

Post Office Box 98

Edgecomb, Maine 04556

Cell (for the duration of the hearing only) 207-380-5994

Glossary  of some abbreviations, acronyms, and terms that may be used in the hearing

 


ACRS Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards

ACS alternate cooling system

ADAMS Agencywide Document Access and Management System

AEC Atomic Energy Commission

AERM aging effect requiring management

AFW auxiliary feedwater

AMP aging management program

AMR aging management review

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ART adjusted reference temperature

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

ATWS anticipated transient without scram

 

BOP balance of plant

B&PV Boiler and Pressure Vessel

BTP Branch Technical Position

BWR boiling water reactor

 

CAP corrective action program

CDF core damage frequency

CEA control element assembly

CF chemistry factor

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CI confirmatory item

CLB current licensing basis

CPPU constant pressure power uprate

CR condition report

CRD control rod drive

CUF cumulative usage factor

CUFen cumulative usage factor in the operating environment

 

DBA design basis accident

 

EOL end of life

EPRI Electric Power Research Institute

EPU Extended Power Uprate

EQ Environmental qualification

ER Applicant's Environmental Report - Operating License Renewal Stage

FAC flow-accelerated corrosion

FAP fatigue action plan

FW feedwater

en F environmental fatigue life correction factor

FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

FIV flow-induced vibration

 

FSAR final safety analysis report

 

GALL Generic Aging Lessons Learned Report

GDC general design criteria or general design criterion

GL generic letter

GSI generic safety issue

 

 

HELB high-energy line break

HWC hydrogen water chemistry

 

IASCC irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking

ID inside diameter

IGSCC intergranular stress corrosion cracking

IN information notice

INPO Institute of Nuclear Power Operations

IPA integrated plant assessment

IPE individual plant examination

ISG interim staff guidance

ISI inservice inspection

 

LOCA loss of coolant accident

LRA license renewal application

LRPG license renewal project guideline

 

MSIV main stream isolation valvue

MWe megawatts-electric

MWt megawatts-thermal

 

NEI Nuclear Energy Institute

NUREG US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide

NUREG/CR US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide contractor report

NWC normal water chemistry

 

OI open item

 

P-T pressure-temperature

PTS pressurized thermal shock

PUSAR power uprate safety analysis report

PWSCC primary water stress corrosion cracking

QA quality assurance

QC quality control

 

RAI request for additional information

RFO refueling outage

RG regulatory guide, “reg. guide”

RHR residual heat removal

RPV reactor pressure vessel

RT radiographic testing

RV reactor vessel  

 

SCC stress-corrosion cracking

SER safety evaluation report

SSC system, structure, and component

 

TLAA time-limited aging analysis

TS technical specifications “tech. specs.”

 

UFSAR updated final safety analysis report

USAR updated safety analysis report

 

UT ultrasonic testing

 

VT visual testing